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👋 Welcome to my Sunday recap of healthcare news. Q1 earnings season kicked off this week, and given the results, I’d imagine quants everywhere are contemplating whether they know a good meteorologist to bring on staff to predict upcoming storms (ok, perhaps not surprisingly, it actually appears they already have them). Meanwhile, I found myself deep in theoretical musings this week while reading an Ezekiel Emanuel piece on the sacrifices we’d need to make for better healthcare, and how to square those thoughts with the NYT article on the excesses of the No Surprises Act. Escalating political headwinds for two key AI efforts (WISeR and the Utah medication refill pilot) round out the top headlines from a busy week. Let’s dive in more below!

- Kevin

Q1 EARNINGS SEASON

Early Q1 Takeaways: Weather Patterns, Payor Outperformance, and Provider Underperformance

If you were stuck in one of the major snowstorms that hit this country in January / February, I’d forgive you if you weren’t thinking to yourself at the time: I wonder what impact this will have on Q1 healthcare earnings season? Yet, as it turns out, the answer to that question was: a lot! People being snowed in for a few days drives down care delivery utilization enough to make an appearance in both payor and provider earnings, as it did this quarter.

On the payor side, United, Elevance, and Molina all reported this week, with stock prices up 7% to 19%. All reported a combination of early favorable cost trend and operational improvements driving outperformance, with UHG and Elevance raising full-year guidance, while Molina seems on a trajectory to do so as well after Q2. On the other side of the coin, HCA saw its stock drop 11% on the week after reporting on Thursday that the late-January snowstorm (as well as an abrupt end to flu season) drove lower-than-expected volumes.

I’d place a friendly wager that we continue to see similar results playing out across Q1 results in the industry, with payors and risk-bearing groups hinting at seeing favorable trend in Q1, while providers aim to get back on track after a slow January.

Given all that, the stock market reaction this week strikes me as a bit of an overreaction, on both sides. It feels like even within Q1, dynamics have reverted back to expectations after a dislocation in January. Here’s a bit more on each of those key earnings calls, starting with HCA, which offered some fascinating insights into the business:

HCA:

  • HCA stock dipped this week after missing Q1 expectations, driven by flu and the January storm — it noted that respiratory admissions were down 42% and respiratory ER visits were down 32% year-over-year. February and March appear to have rebounded, and the rest of the year remains in line with guidance. Between the slow end to flu season and the storm, it caused a $180 negative impact on EBITDA in the quarter for HCA. This impact was offset by a $120 positive development in unexpected state supplemental payment programs from Georgia and Texas. HCA seems to expect another meaningful win here in Florida, even if analysts seemed a bit concerned about how long it is taking CMS to approve the grandfathered application. HCA noted a 15% drop in ACA coverage in the quarter, at the low end of its expectations, but also reported an uptick in patient pay among individuals with ACA coverage. There was a brief discussion about HCA’s North Carolina market and how it is recovering from Hurricane Helene — it is lagging behind profitability expectations. Demand is higher than expected, but HCA is incurring higher expenses as it struggles to recruit staff. Meanwhile, the payor mix is off in the market because of the commercial market dislocation post-hurricane. It’s an interesting lens into the ripple effects of storms like this in a market.

Elevance:

  • Elevance raised guidance for the year after its outperformance in Q1 given the operational outperformance it is seeing. Elevance noted this is due to a few reasons: revamped leadership structure, AI in clinical, operational, and admin workflows, and integrating CareBridge and home health capabilities into a single risk-based model in Carelon. Elevance seems pleased with medicaid cost management, citing targeted care coordination efforts, clinical oversight of the ABA market, and predictive analytics to identify members with substance use disorder. In MA, Elevance is tracking to 2%+ operating margin for 2026 and is working with CMS on its enrollment freeze; currently expecting to resolve that without any impact on the business. In ACA, Elevance expects 1.2 million members, above its initial outlook, although it is not yet revising its expectation of 900k given market uncertainty. Lastly, Elevance seems to be seeing strong momentum in commercial insurance sales. It noted that it has a very strong pipeline at near-record levels for 2027. They also noted that they’re seeing wins among clients who are consolidating carriers — Elevance is replacing multiple carriers. It was interesting to see Elevance play down the Second Blue Bid opportunity on this call, noting that while, for 2026, it was a big boon for Elevance, the majority of its growth is from other sources.

Molina:

  • Molina outperformed in Q1 on better-than-expected trend performance, but didn’t raise guidance for the year. Molina’s earnings featured an interesting breakdown of medical cost trends and how they develop over time — with Molina noting that in 2025 it reported a 7.5% trend in Medicaid, with 2.5% of that being acuity shift from redeterminations. Molina noted on this call that the acuity shift went away in late 2025, and it is assuming a 5% trend for 2026 as a result. Also in Medicaid, Molina noted higher-than-expected attrition, as it is seeing more Medicaid disenrollments than anticipated in a handful of states, specifically California, Illinois, and Texas. It now expects a “same-store” decline of 6% membership in 2026, up from 2% previously. In Medicare, Molina seems pleased with its repositioning of the Medicare book into D-SNP, HIDE and FIDE products only, and while it hopes to move its MAPD business to another strategic entity, it will shut it down if not. In the ACA business, membership came in slightly higher than expected at 305k, but it feels good about the profile, and expects to be cautious on pricing heading into 2027. There was an interesting discussion of “low utilizers” in Molina’s Medicaid book, with Molina suggesting that people with coverage who are not using it is at an all-time low, with those members having moved out of its book over the past several years.

UHG:

  • United beat analyst expectations and raised full-year guidance, as all of its major business segments outperformed. UHC reported that its pricing initiatives are paying dividends in Medicare, while Medicaid continues to work through pressure in rates from states. UHC noted that underlying utilization trends appear consistent with 2025, while it is seeing modest favorability in trend. Optum Health significantly outperformed in the quarter, attributed to operational improvements and the reshaping of its VBC contract portfolio. Interesting to note the operational improvements in the FFS business, with a 12% YoY increase in patient-facing hours in the organization. The OptumRx update was brief, noting the important role the PBM plays as complex, high-cost, specialty drugs come to market. Optum Insight highlighted its AI capabilities while noting its “untapped potential”, with Optum Real again cited as an example. Optum Financial acquired Alegeus Technologies, a platform for managing HSA / FSA dollars, another good indicator of the momentum around consumer-directed payments.

MUSING

A tough question: what sacrifices are we willing to make for better healthcare?

If you’re looking for some fodder for deep thinking this weekend, I’d encourage this.

The article posits that each part of the industry tends to think about what it needs to do better, which is generally some form of being paid better rates so it can do more. Instead, he suggests that we already pay too much for healthcare in the US and that leaders need to collectively consider what they’d be willing to give up. The collective component is important here — while payors, providers, and pharma often point fingers at each other in a way that is reminiscent of that Spiderman meme, ultimately, they’d all need to sacrifice together.

Emanuel offers a number of reasonable suggestions in the piece — no direct-to-consumer pharma advertising, PBMs moving to a pass-through transparent system, site-neutral payments for hospitals, and insurers capping out-of-pocket expenses, among others. He also raises the point that consumers of healthcare need to sacrifice as well — things like longer wait times, fewer hotel-like amenities in hospitals, and fewer brand-name drugs coming to market each year.

The iron triangle rears its head again here — if we are trying to address the costliness of healthcare, inevitably, the levers to pull will revolve around access and/or quality. And that is ultimately the challenge in all of this, as, societally, we are unable to have the hard conversations about those trade-offs at this juncture.

If I’m certain of one thing, it’s that while I find this to be a fascinating intellectual exercise, it will remain an intellectual exercise. There is a 0.0% chance that we stack our hands and proactively agree to a rational, collective set of sacrifices to change the course here. Instead, we’ll all continue bickering about getting what we need, all while driving the car straight off the cliff. Someone else can always figure out how to pick up the pieces later.

NB: In the spirit of thinking outside the box, I’m going to attempt to make a case to Martin tomorrow on TGR that what I would be willing to give up as a consumer of healthcare is… actually being ok with paying more for healthcare in this country. I don’t think I have a conceptual issue with living in a country that spends ~18% of GDP on healthcare. I get that other countries spend less; that’s cool. I also get that there’s a reason why people come here from around the world for high-end healthcare. So, I’d actually be ok with that number going up, so long as we are trading off better quality and access for that, as the iron triangle would suggest should happen. In exchange for getting paid more, payors, providers, and pharma agree to move away from the low-value nonsense that happens today and actually move towards the notion of abundant healthcare that gets bandied about sometimes. If healthcare moves to 25% of GDP with better access to high-value care, I’d be cool with that.

QUOTE OF THE WEEK

Dr. Norman Rowe, a plastic surgeon with offices in New York and Florida, advertises on his website that breast reduction surgery usually costs between $15,000 and $25,000.

But these days, his practice sometimes earns $440,000 for the procedure.

The New York Times certainly didn’t bury the lede in its article this week on the No Surprises Act, highlighting how the outcomes of the Independent Dispute Resolution process seem a bit… befuddling. Certainly, there are legitimate and longstanding gripes about underlying payor/provider relationships that led to the existence of the NSA and IDR processes.

While that is true, this NYT article also highlights the lawsuit Dr. Rowe is facing and how his practice won $1.4 million in awards from five surgeries, including one for $440,000, as described above. Congress doesn’t seem to care about this outcome yet, with Senator Cassidy (one of the authors of the No Surprises Act) quoted in the NYT reporting as saying of the outcomes for providers:

”If they’re winning, it’s because the insurance companies are not coming back with a reasonable thing,” he said.

- Senator Bill Cassidy, New York Times quote

So while it appears DC hasn’t noticed this yet, the Independent Dispute Resolution process seems like one of the leading examples of how wasteful spending takes root in healthcare and grows like a weed. Again, I understand there is a conversation to be had about what payors are paying providers and whether the payor offers are reasonable. At the same time, I do not think Dr. Rowe’s plastic surgery business is having any issues with collecting payments. It appears salmon sperm facial injections for Mar-a-Lago parties are quite profitable, because, why not?

What started as a logical attempt to solve a friction point in payor/provider negotiations has quite literally conjured up a cottage industry out of thin air — one that is apparently doing well enough to have formed its own trade group, which seems like a sure sign this is here to stay, despite the lawsuits and exposés flying around about the excesses of this program.

Kinda wild to juxtapose reading Zeke Emanuel’s article above with this story. When I talk about being cool with paying more for high-value care… this isn’t exactly what I had in mind.

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